Ball bearings consist of four main components:
- A large outer ring (stationary outer raceway)
- A smaller inner ring (rotating inner raceway) attached to the shaft
- Rows of balls trapped between the raceways of the two rings
- A cage or separator that keeps the balls from touching each other.
The concept behind ball bearings is that rolling elements (such as rows of balls) produce less friction than sliding elements. When the inner ring rotates, the balls roll around the inner raceway while the outer ring remains stationary. This allows for rotational movement with minimal friction, making ball bearings ideal for high-speed applications.
Types of Ball Bearings: Deep Groove Bearings, Axial Bearings, Radial Bearings, Angular Contact Bearings.


